Greenwood

The first inhabitants of the area currently known as Greenwood were the Delaware Indians (Lenape) In 1818, the Treaty of St. Mary's opened central Indiana to European American settlement. Greenwood was an early and key cog in the Electric Indianapolis Interurban Railway System. In 1965, an Indiana Civil Rights Commission report found that Greenwood had recently been one of 19 sundown towns in Indiana, where African Americans were not allowed to live or stay after dark. The Greenwood Commercial Historic District was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1991. In 2010, the Greenwood City Council approved a measure to change the official status of Greenwood to second-class city in accordance with Indiana Code Title 36, Article 4, Chapter 1. On July 17, 2022, three people were killed and two others wounded after a mass shooting occurred at the food court of Greenwood Park Mall.Greenwood is in northern Johnson County and occupies the northern half of Pleasant Township and the northeast portion of White River Township. It is bordered to the southwest by Bargersville, to the south by Whiteland and New Whiteland, and to the north, in Marion County, by the city of Indianapolis. Greenwood is 11 miles (18 km) south of Downtown Indianapolis and 12 miles (19 km) north of Franklin, the Johnson county seat. According to the 2020 census, Greenwood has a total area of 27.91 square miles (72.29 km²) (or 100%) is land and 0.00square miles (0.00km²) is water.

History

The first inhabitants of the area currently known as Greenwood were the Delaware Indians (Lenape) In 1818, the Treaty of St. Mary's opened central Indiana to European American settlement. Greenwood was incorporated as a town under Indiana law in 1864. The J.T. Polk Canning Company was essential to Greenwood's early growth. The Greenwood Commercial Historic District was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1991. In 2010, the Greenwood City Council approved a measure to change the official status of Greenwood to second-class city in accordance with Indiana Code Title 36, Article 4, Chapter 1. On July 17, 2022, three people were killed and two others wounded after a mass shooting occurred at the food court of Greenwood Park Mall. The gunman was subsequently shot and killed by an armed civilian who witnessed the shooting. In 1965, an Indiana Civil Rights Commission report found that Greenwood had recently been one of 19 sundown towns in Indiana, where African Americans were not allowed to live or stay after dark. The city had been exclusively white since the 1920s. In 1960, Greenwood became a fifth- class city in 1960. This district encompasses 25 buildings and 3.2 acres (1.3 hectares) The cannery was a major employer and canned a variety of vegetables grown in Indiana. Later, the company expanded into the dairy market and provided milk delivery to customers. At one point theCanning was the largest canning operation west of Baltimore. Portions of the cannery are still standing on Main Street and have been repurposed for professional office space.

Geography

Greenwood is in northern Johnson County and occupies the northern half of Pleasant Township and the northeast portion of White River Township. It is bordered to the southwest by Bargersville, to the south by Whiteland and New Whiteland, and to the north, in Marion County, by the city of Indianapolis. Greenwood is 11 miles (18 km) south of Downtown Indianapolis and 12 miles (19 km) north of Franklin, the Johnson county seat. According to the 2020 census, Greenwood has a total area of 27.91 square miles (72.29 km²), of which 100% is land and 0.00 sq mi (0.00 km²) is water. There are no navigable bodies of water within city limits. Several creeks run through the area and influence local drainage patterns, topography, and storm water management systems. Greenwood has 17 parks that span upwards of 400 acres of land; furthermore, amongst these parks, there are more than 20 lineal miles of trailways for walking and biking, and many of them run through green spaces and wooded areas. The city's climate is classified as warm temperate (Cfa) by the Köppen-Geiger system, with an average annual temperature of 54.3 °F (12.4 °C) About 45 inches (1,100 mm) of precipitation falls annually, distributed fairly evenly throughout the year. Greenwood's mean elevation is 813 feet (248 m) above sea level.

Transportation

According to Greenwood's most recent Comprehensive Annual Financial Report, there were 209.6 miles (337.3 km) of public streets within the city limits as of 2015. U.S. 31, State Road 135, and Interstate 65 serve as the major northsouth routes in the city. Greenwood's system of eastwest streets and roads link residents and businesses in White River Township with the business and neighborhoods adjacent to Interstate 65. The Louisville and Indiana Railroad (LIRC) traverses Greenwood from north to south and roughly parallels U.S. 31 and I-65. Greenwood owns and maintains three secondary corridors east of U.N. 31: Madison Avenue, Emerson Avenue, and Graham Road. All three interchanges serve major commercial and industrial zones in theCity of Greenwood. Greenwood is home to the Indy South Greenwood Airport, which is located near the city's central business district. The airport is the second-busiest airport in Indiana, after Indianapolis International Airport. It is the only airport in the state that has a direct runway to the east and west of downtown Indianapolis. It also has an international airport with an international runway that is connected to the Indiana International Airport by an international air bridge. Greenwood also has its own international airport, which was built in the 1960s and is located on the Indiana-Illinois border. It was the first international airport to be constructed in the United States. It opened in 1968. Greenwood was the second city in Indiana to have a major international airport after Indianapolis.

Demographics

As of the census of 2010, there were 49,791 people, 19,615 households, and 12,845 families residing in the city. The racial makeup of the city was 91.1% White, 1.7% African American, 0.3% Native American, 3.7%. The median income was $46,176, and the median income for a family was $57,298. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 4.0% of the population. The per capita income for the city in 2010 was $23,003, and 8.5% of those under age 18 and 9.4% over 65 were living below the poverty line. The average household size was 2.51 and the average family size was 3.09. The median age was 34 years, with 26.6% of residents under the age of 18; 9% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 29.8% were from 25 to 44; 23.1%. The city has a population density of 2,345.3 inhabitants per square mile (905.5/km²). There were 21,339 housing units at an average density of 1,005.1 per squaremile (388.1/km 2). The city's median age is 34 years; for every 100 females, there are 91.9 males. For every 100 Females age 18 or over, there is 87.6 males. The city had a population of 36,037 people in 2000.

Economic environment

Greenwood is home to the headquarters or other major facilities for several large businesses. The U.S. headquarters for Swiss process automation company Endress+Hauser is located in the southern portion of the city. Amazon operates a fulfillment center near Worthsville Road and Interstate 65 that employs around 1,000 people. Oaken Barrel Brewing Co. has called Greenwood home since its opening in 1994. The city is also home to Mashcraft Brewing Company and Hoosier Brewing Company. In 2020 Greenwood had a total of 2,803 business establishments, employing 27,865 individuals. The principal employers in the city by NAICS category are: Nachi Fujikoshi's subsidiary Nachi America Inc., a producer of machine tools. In late 2020, power tool manufacturer Milwaukee Electric Tool established its second U.S. service hub at Greenwood's Southtech Business Park. The facility commenced operations in May 2021. Four craft breweries are located within Greenwood. The Johnson County Chamber of Commerce's Labor Force Report says the city has a top employment sector in the manufacturing sector. The top employment sectors in the non-manufacturing sector are: agriculture, health care, construction, and manufacturing. It is the second oldest brewpub in Indiana and the second-oldest craft brewery in the United States. In 2014, Planetary Brewing established a production center and tasting room for Greenwood customers in 2013. The company also operates a taproom on State Road 135 in Old Town. In 2015, the city added a second craft brewery, Mashcraft, to its list of businesses.

Education

91.1% of Greenwood residents are high school graduates or higher. 31.1 percent of residents have attained a bachelor's degree. The city is served by the Greenwood Public Library. The Johnson County Public Library also operates a separate branch within Greenwood city limits. Greenwood has three public school corporations: Greenwood Community School Corporation, Clark-Pleasant Community School Corp, and Center Grove Community SchoolCorp. Greenwood also has a private school corporation: Greenwood Christian Academy K-12. Greenwood is home to the Indiana Institute of Technology (regional campus) and the Indiana Wesleyan University (Regional education and conference center) The city has a public library, which operates two branches: one in Greenwood and the other in Johnson County. The Greenwood Public School Corporation operates three public schools: Greenwood, Clark, and Centre Grove. Greenwood's public school corporation also operates two private schools: Clark and Greenwood Christian Academy K-12 and Walnut Grove Elementary School. The City's private schools include: Our Lady of Greenwood, St. Francis and Clare Catholic School, and Suburban Christian School, which offers a variety of programs for children and adults. Greenwood residents also have access to the University of Indiana at Bloomington, which has a regional campus and a conference center. It is also home to several private schools, including Indiana Baptist College and Indiana Wesleyan Universities and the University of Indiana in Bloomington.

Air Quality, Water Quality, Superfund Sites & UV Index

The Air Quality index is in Greenwood, Johnson County, Indiana = 72.2. These Air Quality index is based on annual reports from the EPA. Higher values are better (100=best). The number of ozone alert days is used as an indicator of air quality, as are the amounts of seven pollutants including particulates, carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, lead, and volatile organic chemicals. The Water Quality Index is 27. A measure of the quality of an area’s water supply as rated by the EPA. Higher values are better (100=best). The EPA has a complex method of measuring the watershed quality, using 15 indicators such as pollutants, turbidity, sediments, and toxic discharges. The Superfund Sites Index is 98. Higher is better (100=best). Based upon the number and impact of EPA Superfund pollution sites in the county, including spending on the cleanup efforts. The UV Index in Greenwood = 3.6 and is a measure of an area's exposure to the sun's ultraviolet rays. This is most often a combination of sunny weather, altitude, and latitude. The UV Index has been defined by the WHO (www.who.int/news-room/questions-and-answers/item/radiation-the-ultraviolet-(uv)-index) and is uniform worldwide.

Employed

The most recent city population of 63,830 individuals with a median age of 35.9 age the population grows by 23.69% in Greenwood, Johnson County, Indiana population since 2000 and are distributed over a density of 2,287.24 residents per square mile of area (883.12/km²). There are average 2.32 people per household in the 18,994 households with an average household income of $50,379 a year. The unemployment rate in Alabama is 8.10% of the available work force and has dropped -6.29% over the most recent 12-month period and the projected change in job supply over the next decade based on migration patterns, economic growth, and other factors will increase by 19.32%. The number of physicians in Greenwood per 100,000 population = 171.3.

Weather

The annual rainfall in Greenwood = 41.3 inches and the annual snowfall = 16.6 inches. The annual number of days with measurable precipitation (over .01 inch) = 117. The average number of days per year that are predominantly sunny = 183. 85 degrees Fahrenheit is the average daily high temperature for the month of July and 16 degrees Fahrenheit is the average daily low temperature for the month of January. The Comfort Index (higher=better) is 45, where higher values mean a more pleasant climate. The Comfort Index measure recognizes that humidity by itself isn't the problem. (Have you noticed nobody ever complains about the weather being 'cold and humid?) It's in the summertime that we notice the humidity the most, when it's hot and muggy. Our Comfort Index uses a combination of afternoon summer temperature and humidity to closely predict the effect that the humidity will have on people.

Median Home Cost

The percentage of housing units in Greenwood, Johnson County, Indiana which are owned by the occupant = 58.64%. A housing unit is a house, apartment, mobile home, or room occupied as separate living quarters. The average age of homes = 20 years with median home cost = $149,290 and home appreciation of 4.45%. This is the value of the years most recent home sales data. Its important to note that this is not the average (or arithmetic mean). The median home price is the middle value when you arrange all the sales prices of homes from lowest to highest. This is a better indicator than the average, because the median is not changed as much by a few unusually high or low values. The property tax rate of $9.20 shown here is the rate per $1,000 of home value. If for simplification for example the tax rate is $14.00 and the home value is $250,000, the property tax would be $14.00 x ($250,000/1000), or $3500. This is the 'effective' tax rate.

Study

The local school district spends $4,448 per student. There are 19.7 students for each teacher in the school, 450 students for each Librarian and 535 students for each Counselor. 6.54% of the area’s population over the age of 25 with an Associate Degree or other 2-year college degree, 16.06% with a master’s degree, Ph.D. or other advanced college degree and 7.85% with high school diplomas or high school equivalency degrees (GEDs).